Slide 4 of 16
Notes:
1) TappingMode avoids the force instabilities caused by thermal drift in contact mode, resulting in time savings and improved image and measurement quality. Stable imaging forces of less than 200pN have been measured during TappingMode operation.
2) Another advantage of the TappingMode technique is its large, linear operating range. This makes the vertical feedback system highly stable, allowing routine reproducible sample measurements.
3) Phase: cantilever’s phase of oscillation relative to the piezo drive.
Amplitude: variations in oscillation amplitude
frequency modulation: shifts in the cantilever’s resonant frequency
